WEBVTT 00:00.998 --> 00:05.431 "America's Heartland is made possible by... 00:05.431 --> 00:09.498 They make up a small part of our population. 00:09.498 --> 00:12.298 But have a huge impact on our lives. 00:12.298 --> 00:15.831 They take business risks that few others would tolerate 00:15.831 --> 00:17.964 all on our behalf. 00:17.964 --> 00:22.731 They're American farmers who feed, fuel and clothe the world. 00:22.731 --> 00:26.731 Monsanto would like to recognize them for all they do, 00:26.731 --> 00:30.531 for the rest of us, because ultimately our success 00:30.531 --> 00:34.564 and everyone else's depends on theirs 00:34.564 --> 00:37.798 "...and by the American Farm Bureau Federation - 00:37.798 --> 00:41.931 the voice of agriculture." 00:41.931 --> 00:45.731 COMING UP...IOWA FARMERS KEEP TRADITION ALIVE WITH CROPS AND 00:45.731 --> 00:49.498 CRAFTS FROM THE HEARTLAND'S AMANA COLONIES. 00:49.498 --> 00:53.064 THEN, A HONEY OF A HARVEST IN THE HEART OF NEW YORK. 00:53.064 --> 00:54.964 URBAN BEEKEEPERS! 00:54.964 --> 00:57.698 AND A CLOSE KNIT FARMING COMMUNITY IN SOUTH CAROLINA 00:57.698 --> 01:01.031 WHOSE ROOTS DATE BACK HUNDREDS OF YEARS. 01:01.031 --> 01:04.231 AMERICA'S HEARTLAND IS NEXT 01:04.231 --> 01:10.231 ♪You can see it in the eyes of every woman and man♪ 01:10.231 --> 01:16.331 ♪in America's Heartland living close to the land.♪ 01:16.331 --> 01:22.331 ♪There's a love for the country and a pride in the brand♪ 01:22.331 --> 01:32.931 ♪in America's Heartland living close, close to the land.♪ 01:32.931 --> 01:40.798 ♪In America's Heartland♪ 01:40.798 --> 01:42.631 Hello and welcome to America's Heartland. 01:42.631 --> 01:44.298 I'm Paul Ryan. 01:44.298 --> 01:47.631 ONE OF THE GREAT TRUTHS ABOUT AMERICAN AGRICULTURE IS THIS, 01:47.631 --> 01:50.398 IT'S MORE THAN A JOB... IT'S A LIFESTYLE. 01:50.398 --> 01:53.364 AMERICA'S AGRARIAN ROOTS HAVE SHAPED OUR CULTURE SINCE OUR 01:53.364 --> 01:54.864 NATION'S VERY BEGINNING. 01:54.864 --> 01:57.998 ALL ACROSS THE HEARTLAND, WE'VE FOUND FARM COMMUNITIES AS 01:57.998 --> 01:59.631 DISTINCT AND DIVERSE. 01:59.631 --> 02:02.698 ONE IN PARTICULAR... A TINY SET OF TIDEWATER COMMUNITIES 02:02.698 --> 02:05.031 JUST OFF THE COAST OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 02:05.031 --> 02:09.264 PAT McCONAHAY MET SOME FARMERS THERE WHOSE ANCESTORS FIRST CAME 02:09.264 --> 02:11.231 TO THE NEW WORLD AS SLAVES. 02:11.231 --> 02:13.831 TODAY, THEIR DESCENDENTS ARE PRESERVING A BETTER PART OF 02:13.831 --> 02:19.464 THEIR PAST: A UNIQUE AND UNDILUTED WAY OF LIFE. 02:19.464 --> 02:23.398 "Gullah-Gullah is a word that means people blessed by God. 02:23.398 --> 02:26.864 AND GULLAH AND GEECHEE BOTH DERIVED FROM THE GULLAH AND FROM 02:26.864 --> 02:31.331 THE GEECHEE PEOPLE FROM THE WINWARD OR RICE COAST 02:31.331 --> 02:32.798 OF WEST AFRICA. 02:32.798 --> 02:35.064 Marquetta Goodwine is a native of St. Helena island, 02:35.064 --> 02:38.298 South Carolina. Of the two hundred thousand Gullah 02:38.298 --> 02:39.798 descendents in the United States... 02:39.798 --> 02:42.331 some 9 thousand make their home here. 02:42.331 --> 02:45.331 Goodwine has long studied the history of the Gullah people who 02:45.331 --> 02:49.664 first arrived as slaves from Africa in the 1600's. 02:49.664 --> 02:52.531 Brought to America to work on plantations, their isolated 02:52.531 --> 02:57.231 island home allowed them to develop a unique Gullah culture. 02:57.231 --> 03:03.331 GULLAH GEECHEE CULTURE IS REALLY ABOUT THE LAND, GOD AND FAMILY. 03:03.331 --> 03:05.398 AND NOT NECESSARILY IN THAT ORDER. 03:05.398 --> 03:10.498 BECAUSE FOR US GOD IS FIRST.. THEN GOD GAVE US THE LAND 03:10.498 --> 03:14.764 THEN THE FAMILY'S ON IT TO BE STEWARDS OF THE LAND. 03:14.764 --> 03:17.898 Property deeds from the 1860's show the Gullahs bought 03:17.898 --> 03:21.331 plantation lands at auctions after the Civil War. 03:21.331 --> 03:24.531 Like Goodwine's family, some of their descendants still own and 03:24.531 --> 03:27.198 farm portions of that land today. 03:27.198 --> 03:29.564 But it's become a challenge to keep that historic farming 03:29.564 --> 03:31.764 lifestyle alive. 03:31.764 --> 03:34.798 Rising taxes have forced many families to sell their land to 03:34.798 --> 03:39.764 developers seeing dollar signs in new resorts and golf courses 03:39.764 --> 03:43.398 WE HAVE A CONSTANT BATTLE OF HAVING TO EDUCATE PEOPLE 03:43.398 --> 03:47.098 WHO ARE POLITICIANS THAT THE CULTURE EVEN EXISTS.. 03:47.098 --> 03:51.398 THAT IT IS VALUABLE AS IT IS AS WE FARM IT . 03:51.398 --> 03:54.264 AS WE LIVE OUT OF THE WATERWAYS AND SO ON. 03:54.264 --> 03:56.698 YOU'RE NOT GOING TO EAT A GOLF BALL 03:56.698 --> 03:59.664 Goodwine founded the Gullah Geechee Sea Island Coalition to 03:59.664 --> 04:02.164 preserve her people's heritage. 04:02.164 --> 04:05.798 In 2000 the community crowned her Queen Quet, official 04:05.798 --> 04:09.331 spokesperson for what is called the Gullah/Geechee Nation. 04:09.331 --> 04:12.198 It's an internationally recognized group, created to 04:12.198 --> 04:15.598 help Gullah traditions thrive-including the 04:15.598 --> 04:19.031 language-part African, part Elizabethan English. 04:19.031 --> 04:24.698 "Just as a memoir....? 04:24.698 --> 04:27.764 Even with a spoken language, it's not easy holding onto a 04:27.764 --> 04:29.731 culture if the land is lost. 04:29.731 --> 04:32.164 The South Carolina Coastal Community Development 04:32.164 --> 04:35.631 Corporation was created to find a way to economically sustain 04:35.631 --> 04:39.098 the land without selling it. 04:39.098 --> 04:42.864 GROWING UP WHAT WE DID WAS WE WERE FARMERS. 04:42.864 --> 04:44.531 EVERYONE HAD A GARDEN. 04:44.531 --> 04:46.731 SO WE STILL HAVE THOSE SKILLS. 04:46.731 --> 04:51.764 HOW DO WE TAKE THOSE SKILLS THAT WE ALREADY HAVE AND USE IT IN A 04:51.764 --> 04:53.798 SUSTAINABLE WAY? 04:53.798 --> 04:56.731 The CDC's first step was to create a licensed, community- 04:56.731 --> 04:58.064 shared kitchen. 04:58.064 --> 05:01.631 Here, growers could develop farm products for market as well as 05:01.631 --> 05:04.364 offer catering to area concerns. 05:04.364 --> 05:07.698 A key client of the kitchen is the Gullah Grub Restaurant, 05:07.698 --> 05:10.431 which offers traditional Gullah cuisine 05:10.431 --> 05:13.098 WE'RE GETTING MORE PEOPLE IN WANTING TO USE THE KITCHEN. 05:13.098 --> 05:16.931 WITHIN THE LAST WEEK WE'VE GOT THREE ADDITIONAL BUSINESSES COME 05:16.931 --> 05:21.231 IN ABOUT UTILIZING THE KITCHEN 05:21.231 --> 05:24.264 Traditional Gullah crafts are another way the community uses 05:24.264 --> 05:26.831 products from the land-both as an art form 05:26.831 --> 05:28.598 and a way to earn income. 05:28.598 --> 05:31.731 Mt. Pleasant, just north of St. Helena, is the only place 05:31.731 --> 05:35.198 where sweet grass basketry is still practiced. 05:35.198 --> 05:37.664 Small stands dot the busy highways where Gullah 05:37.664 --> 05:41.398 descendants both weave and sell their creations. 05:41.398 --> 05:43.398 "I LOVE SEWING BASKETS. 05:43.398 --> 05:46.798 AS LONG AS I'M AWAKE AND I'M NOT DOING ANYTHING ELSE I'M MAKING 05:46.798 --> 05:48.531 BASKETS. 05:48.531 --> 05:52.231 AND I LIKE THE IDEA OF THEM CARRYING IT ON. 05:52.231 --> 05:55.964 IT'S A PART OF OUR HISTORY AND OUR CULTURE. 05:55.964 --> 05:59.198 Sweet grass is a winter-hardy, sweet smelling plant that grows 05:59.198 --> 06:01.598 naturally in South Carolina. 06:01.598 --> 06:04.331 It's a time honored skill to bend the grass into various 06:04.331 --> 06:06.131 shaped baskets. 06:06.131 --> 06:09.198 DOWN HERE IS WHAT YOU SAY IS THE BASIC SHAPE. 06:09.198 --> 06:13.598 That's the basic shape, IT'S ROUND, SORT OF FLAT 06:13.598 --> 06:16.331 As with farming, increased development along the coastal 06:16.331 --> 06:20.098 islands is threatening the land where Sweet grass grows. 06:20.098 --> 06:23.198 It's just one more thing the Gullahs are fighting to preserve 06:23.198 --> 06:24.731 as part of their culture. 06:24.731 --> 06:27.198 Queen Quet says the Gullah's real future lies 06:27.198 --> 06:29.098 in the next generation 06:29.098 --> 06:33.164 THAT OUR CHILDREN WILL REALIZE THAT EVERYTHING THAT EVERYBODY 06:33.164 --> 06:35.931 ELSE IN THE WORLD WANTS THEY ALREADY HAVE, AND THEY'RE 06:35.931 --> 06:39.898 ALREADY BLESSED 06:39.898 --> 06:42.098 Some of the words in our vocabulary come from the 06:42.098 --> 06:43.898 original Gullah language. 06:43.898 --> 06:48.064 "goober" is the Gullah word for peanuts and "gumbo" was the word 06:48.064 --> 06:53.264 that Gullah members used for the vegetable, okra. 06:53.264 --> 06:56.331 MANY OF THE HEARTLAND'S DISTINCT FARM COMMUNITIES WERE ORIGINALLY 06:56.331 --> 07:00.631 TIED TOGETHER BY A COMMON ETHNIC BACKGROUND OR RELIGION. 07:00.631 --> 07:03.764 SOME HAVE ASSIMILATED INTO MAINSTREAM AMERICA WHILE OTHERS 07:03.764 --> 07:06.131 REMAIN TRUE TO THEIR HISTORIC ROOTS, 07:06.131 --> 07:09.598 JASON SHOULTZ DISCOVERED ONE SUCH PLACE IN EASTERN IOWA. 07:09.598 --> 07:13.398 HE SAYS THESE ARE AGRICULTURE COLONIES THAT COMBINE THEIR 07:13.398 --> 07:15.231 FARMING WITH A DEEP FAITH... 07:15.231 --> 07:21.398 BUT NOW THEY'VE ADDED TOURISM TO THE MIX. 07:21.398 --> 07:25.331 It's a busy summer day at Ackerman Winery 07:25.331 --> 07:27.098 in the Amana Colonies. 07:27.098 --> 07:28.631 "We specialize in sweet wines." 07:28.631 --> 07:31.831 The Ackerman's unusual varieties make this winery a popular 07:31.831 --> 07:34.531 destination for tourists visiting this unique 07:34.531 --> 07:36.164 American spot. 07:36.164 --> 07:38.031 "For the state of Iowa, we are fairly large, 07:38.031 --> 07:40.131 for the country, I'd say we are..." 07:40.131 --> 07:42.098 Pretty small. Ha ha." 07:42.098 --> 07:44.964 Les Ackerman and his daughter Greta are the caretakers of this 07:44.964 --> 07:47.531 fourth generation business. 07:47.531 --> 07:50.164 One of several businesses in the Amana Colonies: it's one of 07:50.164 --> 07:52.764 Iowa's top tourist destinations. 07:52.764 --> 07:54.264 "...IT'S GOOD FLAVOR." 07:54.264 --> 07:56.798 The Ackermans are descendants of German immigrants who 07:56.798 --> 08:00.898 settled a group of villages in 1854. 08:00.898 --> 08:03.631 "The Amana Colonies were one of the most successful communal 08:03.631 --> 08:07.864 groups that settled in the United States." 08:07.864 --> 08:11.331 The founders were members of the Community of True Inspiration, 08:11.331 --> 08:14.264 a religious society that lived communally. 08:14.264 --> 08:16.864 "The church elder was in charge of the village 08:16.864 --> 08:18.164 that you lived in. 08:18.164 --> 08:20.164 "Whatever your family needs were, for instance, housing, 08:20.164 --> 08:23.164 if you had extra children, you were moved to a larger house. 08:23.164 --> 08:25.931 If your children became older and got married, 08:25.931 --> 08:28.898 you were moved to a smaller house." 08:28.898 --> 08:30.631 8-hundred people in seven villages 08:30.631 --> 08:35.031 settled on 26,000 acres making up the original colonies. 08:35.031 --> 08:38.598 Enough land to support a self-sustaining society. 08:38.598 --> 08:42.764 "It was a different way of life. People worked very hard. 08:42.764 --> 08:47.598 They were fed six meals a day. Communally fed. 08:47.598 --> 08:50.564 Worked in the fields and the gardens." 08:50.564 --> 08:54.831 "Of course in the early days, an awful lot of hand work. 08:54.831 --> 08:58.331 There was hundreds of farm employees in those days." 08:58.331 --> 08:59.531 Changing economics 08:59.531 --> 09:03.264 forced the end of the communal lifestyle in 1932. 09:03.264 --> 09:06.798 Today, homes and businesses like the Ackerman winery are owned 09:06.798 --> 09:08.231 privately owned. 09:08.231 --> 09:11.131 The 26-thousand acres is owned by a corporation formed by 09:11.131 --> 09:12.398 church members. 09:12.398 --> 09:15.398 Farming is still an important part of the Amana Colonies. 09:15.398 --> 09:19.064 In fact, this is Iowa's biggest contiguous farm. 09:19.064 --> 09:21.264 But what once took hundreds now can be done 09:21.264 --> 09:26.031 with around 20 farm employees. 09:26.031 --> 09:30.131 Nearly 6-thousand head of cattle are raised on the Amana farm. 09:30.131 --> 09:32.598 "This morning we are loading about three loads of cattle here 09:32.598 --> 09:33.964 that are going to market. 09:33.964 --> 09:36.698 The cattle happen to be going to Pennsylvania 09:36.698 --> 09:38.698 to a processing plant there." 09:38.698 --> 09:41.898 The cattle breeding operation is divided into herds spread 09:41.898 --> 09:43.731 throughout the Amana Colonies. 09:43.731 --> 09:47.498 Cowboys... a rare site in this part of the heartland... 09:47.498 --> 09:49.931 do their work the old fashioned way. 09:49.931 --> 09:53.264 Here Shawn Seehusen and his partner are roping a cow in 09:53.264 --> 09:55.098 order to give medicine. 09:55.098 --> 09:58.298 It's an impressive display, but a side of the operation that 09:58.298 --> 10:00.731 most tourists never see. 10:00.731 --> 10:02.698 Not that Shawn minds... 10:02.698 --> 10:05.931 "I'd just as soon be left alone in my own little world." 10:05.931 --> 10:08.598 Tourists are welcomed at the Amana Colonies woolen mills and 10:08.598 --> 10:11.998 furniture shop, but the farming operation isn't a featured 10:11.998 --> 10:13.731 attraction for visitors. 10:13.731 --> 10:16.131 "Not that we keep it a secret on purpose or anything. 10:16.131 --> 10:18.964 But it does seem to be one of Iowa's better kept secrets, 10:18.964 --> 10:21.098 as far as the size of the farm, what we are doing." 10:21.098 --> 10:24.364 The Amana Society is often confused with the more familiar 10:24.364 --> 10:25.664 Amish. 10:25.664 --> 10:27.964 They both settled the United States in the 18-hundreds, but 10:27.964 --> 10:29.364 they are not the same. 10:29.364 --> 10:33.098 One big difference, the Amana Society embraces change. 10:33.098 --> 10:35.364 The Amana Colonies pay tribute to their history 10:35.364 --> 10:37.398 through tourism in its historic district. 10:37.398 --> 10:40.664 But farming is done with modern machinery, including sprayers 10:40.664 --> 10:44.464 equipped with Global Positioning Satellite technology. 10:44.464 --> 10:45.998 "You can't live for the past. 10:45.998 --> 10:51.398 So, the Amana's are very progressive, and have been. 10:51.398 --> 10:56.998 We are not a group that tends to live the old lifestyle." 10:56.998 --> 10:59.231 "We struggle with that balance all the time. 10:59.231 --> 11:02.931 How do we balance the history, keep the history alive while at 11:02.931 --> 11:06.131 the same time adopting new practices and programs at the 11:06.131 --> 11:08.164 same time, just as they come along. 11:08.164 --> 11:12.231 Implementing those things in order to increase our efficiency. 11:12.231 --> 11:14.598 But always wanting to keep one foot in the past, 11:14.598 --> 11:18.564 keeping a very solid footing in that area." 11:18.564 --> 11:21.664 For now, the people of Iowa's Amana Colonies believe that 11:21.664 --> 11:25.898 solid footing is helping them keep up with a changing economy. 11:25.898 --> 11:28.598 "I've never been more optimistic than I am today about the future 11:28.598 --> 11:35.331 of agriculture and how Amana fits into that scheme." 11:35.331 --> 11:37.831 The Amana colonies figure prominently in the development 11:37.831 --> 11:40.364 of two products we use almost every day. 11:40.364 --> 11:43.564 In 1934, the first refrigerated beverage cooler 11:43.564 --> 11:46.398 was produced by the Amana Refrigeration Company. 11:46.398 --> 11:48.998 And in 1967, Amana turned out the first 11:48.998 --> 11:56.764 countertop microwave ovens. 11:56.764 --> 11:58.364 Still to come on America's Heartland... 11:58.364 --> 12:00.698 We'll meet a farm family in Tennessee 12:00.698 --> 12:02.964 whose method of raising livestock takes them, 12:02.964 --> 12:04.898 "Back to the Land" 12:04.898 --> 12:06.964 And... if you don't have a "green thumb", 12:06.964 --> 12:09.498 maybe you're not picking the right plants. 12:09.498 --> 12:12.164 We'll show you how researchers are taking a whole new look 12:12.164 --> 12:14.898 at horticulture. 12:14.898 --> 12:18.064 LET'S LEAVE BEHIND FOR A MOMENT THE SMALL RURAL FARM COMMUNITIES 12:18.064 --> 12:20.898 OF THE HEARTLAND... AND HEAD FOR THE BIG CITY 12:20.898 --> 12:22.998 IN SEARCH OF URBAN AGRICULTURE! 12:22.998 --> 12:26.431 IT'S NOT HARD TO FIND - IN FACT, THE SAME SPIRIT OF INNOVATION 12:26.431 --> 12:28.931 FOUND IN THE FIELDS OF IOWA CAN BE FOUND 12:28.931 --> 12:33.331 ON THE ROOFTOPS OF MANHATTAN. 12:33.331 --> 12:37.264 New York City... where, with a little hard work, 12:37.264 --> 12:40.631 anybody can have their shot. 12:40.631 --> 12:43.598 Haitian immigrant Antoine Philippe earns enough money 12:43.598 --> 12:46.498 driving a cab to put his kids through college. 12:46.498 --> 12:49.264 Massachusetts resident David Graves is selling his homemade 12:49.264 --> 12:52.431 jams and jelly at Manhattan farmers markets. 12:52.431 --> 12:54.131 "Hi David." 12:54.131 --> 12:55.831 Hello Antoine, how are you doing? 12:55.831 --> 12:57.331 Good not bad. 12:57.331 --> 12:58.931 But this is also a place where it's wise 12:58.931 --> 13:01.298 to expect the unexpected. 13:01.298 --> 13:03.831 Where two men who otherwise would have no connection at all 13:03.831 --> 13:06.098 are working together. 13:06.098 --> 13:10.898 Exactly what would draw them to the roof of a Manhattan hotel? 13:10.898 --> 13:15.098 The answer: Bees. 13:15.098 --> 13:17.464 These men tend to hives scattered around the city on the 13:17.464 --> 13:19.064 roofs of buildings. 13:19.064 --> 13:21.264 The hives actually belong to David, he began placing them 13:21.264 --> 13:24.164 on top of buildings in 1997. 13:24.164 --> 13:29.498 "I have them on hotels, I have them on schools, a brownstone. 13:29.498 --> 13:32.331 Hopefully I'm going to get it back on a church." 13:32.331 --> 13:35.464 Just like beehives around the heartland, these rooftop hives 13:35.464 --> 13:37.698 are filled with golden honey. 13:37.698 --> 13:40.398 David puts it in jars and sells it. 13:40.398 --> 13:43.164 "New York City Rooftop Honey." 13:43.164 --> 13:45.964 Antoine helps David with the bees... tending to hives, 13:45.964 --> 13:48.831 even driving bees around in his cab! 13:48.831 --> 13:51.431 In return this cab driver gets valuable knowledge. 13:51.431 --> 13:54.431 Why would a cab driver care about bees? 13:54.431 --> 13:57.131 Well, Antoine has a dream of his own. 13:57.131 --> 14:00.698 And it takes him far from the streets of New York City 14:00.698 --> 14:06.764 "My love is always for going in agriculture. 14:06.764 --> 14:11.098 And before I come here I get a piece of land in my country, and 14:11.098 --> 14:15.098 say that will be for my retirement when I go back home. 14:15.098 --> 14:21.864 I will try to have a small farm on that piece of property." 14:21.864 --> 14:25.298 "Antoine I would regard as one of my best friends. 14:25.298 --> 14:27.664 He has helped me out a great deal here in New York. 14:27.664 --> 14:28.998 He's taken me around. 14:28.998 --> 14:32.764 At a moments notice, you give him a call and he's there." 14:32.764 --> 14:37.898 Of course bees need flowering plants to do their work. 14:37.898 --> 14:41.264 And it may be hard to imagine much growing in a city of steel, 14:41.264 --> 14:42.864 cement and glass. 14:42.864 --> 14:46.064 But from a rooftop, David showed me just how much green is 14:46.064 --> 14:47.898 actually there! 14:47.898 --> 14:50.964 "There we have a flowering crab right there, it's already gone 14:50.964 --> 14:54.531 by, but it's certainly a source of nectar for honeybees. 14:54.531 --> 14:57.798 And then we have this, I believe a horse chestnut." 14:57.798 --> 15:01.231 Even tomato plants spring from cracks in the sidewalk! 15:01.231 --> 15:03.764 David says the mixture of plants around the city means 15:03.764 --> 15:07.698 combinations of nectar that make for flavorful honey! 15:07.698 --> 15:09.998 "From the tree they become flowers. 15:09.998 --> 15:11.931 That's Good. Yeah that's a good one. 15:11.931 --> 15:13.531 Wow. 15:13.531 --> 15:15.298 "I think it's the best tasting honey in the world." 15:15.298 --> 15:16.798 Of course that's hard to prove. 15:16.798 --> 15:19.064 He does charge a bit more for the New York honey than his 15:19.064 --> 15:21.331 stuff from his Massachusetts hives. 15:21.331 --> 15:24.664 But whether it's the perfect pollen or just clever marketing 15:24.664 --> 15:27.031 jars of David's honey are a hot seller 15:27.031 --> 15:30.298 at his Manhattan farmer's market booth. 15:30.298 --> 15:33.098 "The interesting thing about the rooftop beekeeping isn't that 15:33.098 --> 15:34.831 it's just unusual. 15:34.831 --> 15:36.498 Technically it's illegal. 15:36.498 --> 15:40.898 A violation of the NYC health code 161.01. 15:40.898 --> 15:44.931 But truthfully it's not something David worries much about. 15:44.931 --> 15:47.798 "And the fact that I've done it responsibly, I don't think it 15:47.798 --> 15:51.264 gives them reason to come after me." 15:51.264 --> 15:55.164 "Certainly I pick my locations carefully. 15:55.164 --> 15:58.098 I just don't put a hive on a street corner. 15:58.098 --> 16:04.364 All my hives are under lock and key and away from people." 16:04.364 --> 16:07.398 "If someone complains about one of my hives I move it. 16:07.398 --> 16:10.698 Give them a jar of honey and it's left at that." 16:10.698 --> 16:13.798 But David says complaints about hives are rare, and most people 16:13.798 --> 16:15.964 don't even know they are up there. 16:15.964 --> 16:18.331 He's always looking for more property owners to volunteer 16:18.331 --> 16:19.864 their rooftops. 16:19.864 --> 16:21.231 For good reason.... 16:21.231 --> 16:24.731 "You can get anywhere from 80 to 150 pounds of honey off of one 16:24.731 --> 16:26.664 of these hives. 16:26.664 --> 16:30.131 My record is 150 from upper west side, but unfortunately that 16:30.131 --> 16:32.064 hive was stolen. 16:32.064 --> 16:36.831 "..Anything can happen in New York!" 16:36.831 --> 16:40.498 Beekeeping is one of the world's oldest forms of food production. 16:40.498 --> 16:43.298 There is evidence of beekeeping that dates as far back 16:43.298 --> 16:46.264 as 13 thousand B.C. 16:46.264 --> 16:48.731 Beekeepers not only harvested honey from the hives, 16:48.731 --> 16:51.864 but used the beeswax for candle making, cosmetics 16:51.864 --> 16:56.098 and as a polish for wood. 16:56.098 --> 16:58.131 ONE THING WE'VE LEARNED FOR SURE IN BRINGING YOU 16:58.131 --> 17:00.831 AMERICA'S HEARTLAND... LIKE ANY BUSINESS, FARMERS HAVE 17:00.831 --> 17:04.698 TO BE BOTH CREATIVE THINKERS AND SAVVY BUSINESS PEOPLE. 17:04.698 --> 17:08.131 THAT OFTEN MEANS FINDING NEW PRODUCTS AND NICHE MARKETS. 17:08.131 --> 17:11.364 PAT McConahay MET A TENNESSEE FARM FAMILY THAT'S FINDING 17:11.364 --> 17:15.064 SUCCESS BY USING THOSE VERY SAME SKILLS TO SELL THEIR PRODUCTS 17:15.064 --> 17:17.698 DIRECTLY TO CONSUMERS. 17:17.698 --> 17:21.798 "Hi Sweetheart, how are you. This is Goslin. 17:21.798 --> 17:24.598 She's the daughter of my favorite milk cow, Gracie." 17:24.598 --> 17:28.031 Jenny Drake has a very personal approach to working the land. 17:28.031 --> 17:31.331 She and her husband, Darrin operate "Peaceful Pastures" farm 17:31.331 --> 17:33.498 near Hickman, Tennessee. 17:33.498 --> 17:38.798 "We produce and sell beef, pork, chicken, turkey, lamb, goat, 17:38.798 --> 17:41.531 duck, goose and eggs". 17:41.531 --> 17:43.698 right now we have leg of lamb....." 17:43.698 --> 17:45.998 The Drakes have become successful entrepreneurs: 17:45.998 --> 17:49.331 marketing directly to consumers and retail outlets - 17:49.331 --> 17:52.831 selling meats and poultry produced on pastureland 17:52.831 --> 17:55.564 grass fed and grass finished. 17:55.564 --> 17:58.364 "Growing up, I'm a fan of the west. 17:58.364 --> 18:00.431 You know, Cowboys and Indians and all of that stuff 18:00.431 --> 18:03.264 when I was a kid. 18:03.264 --> 18:05.064 And everything was always done based on grass and Ecologically, 18:05.064 --> 18:07.464 economically, it just makes a lot more sense to me. 18:07.464 --> 18:11.264 Producing and selling all grass- fed animals is a niche market, 18:11.264 --> 18:12.531 but a growing one. 18:12.531 --> 18:16.664 In 2005, about 45 thousand grass-fed head of cattle were 18:16.664 --> 18:18.698 produced in the United States. 18:18.698 --> 18:21.198 That's a drop in the bucket compared to the 30 million 18:21.198 --> 18:24.431 animals that pass through feedlots, but nearly ten times 18:24.431 --> 18:27.931 what it was just a decade ago. 18:27.931 --> 18:29.598 "So what do you like about working with the goats, 18:29.598 --> 18:30.898 raising goats? 18:30.898 --> 18:32.964 They're very smart. 18:32.964 --> 18:34.764 Contrary to the myth, they are very clean." 18:34.764 --> 18:38.264 It's the variety of stock that's helped the Drakes be successful. 18:38.264 --> 18:41.064 For example, they raise several types of goats... 18:41.064 --> 18:43.764 sell the milk and use the excess. 18:43.764 --> 18:47.631 "I found myself swimming in goat milk and I had to have something 18:47.631 --> 18:51.698 to do with the excess goat milk so I had a book That had in 18:51.698 --> 18:55.531 there how to make goat milk soap and we've expanded to 18:55.531 --> 18:59.798 over 40 different kinds of soap now." 18:59.798 --> 19:02.264 Her intent is to have that calf right there." 19:02.264 --> 19:05.898 Darrin Drake is also an advocate of managed intensive grazing- 19:05.898 --> 19:10.264 moving cattle from pasture to pasture to maximize production 19:10.264 --> 19:12.998 on their 300 acre farm. 19:12.998 --> 19:15.764 What it does it ends up it actually gives them 19:15.764 --> 19:18.498 a higher quality diet. 19:18.498 --> 19:22.464 It increases the amount of forage that is utilized, 19:22.464 --> 19:25.031 so the actual carrying capacity of the land 19:25.031 --> 19:27.798 can be doubled or quadrupled" 19:27.798 --> 19:31.031 And while the land does double duty, their livestock choices 19:31.031 --> 19:33.331 play an important role as well. 19:33.331 --> 19:36.131 Like Jenny's Lincoln Longwood Sheep. 19:36.131 --> 19:38.998 "The appeal with the sheep is that they are truly a dual 19:38.998 --> 19:43.164 purpose breed, you get a very nice fleece off of the animal 19:43.164 --> 19:47.131 But you also have a heavily muscled enough carcass to make 19:47.131 --> 19:51.464 it a nice meat product as well." 19:51.464 --> 19:53.664 As part of their marketing plan, the Drakes are opening 19:53.664 --> 19:56.398 their farm to visitors: not only to give their products a higher 19:56.398 --> 20:01.598 profile, but to also "champion the cause" of agriculture. 20:01.598 --> 20:05.631 "Way too many people have lost the connection with the farm and 20:05.631 --> 20:08.831 where food comes from. We've also lost connections on 20:08.831 --> 20:12.631 farmers as people Farmers get a lot of bad press, 20:12.631 --> 20:14.831 the evil farmer spraying the crops, 20:14.831 --> 20:17.631 the evil farmer contaminating the water, 20:17.631 --> 20:20.764 the evil cow causing global warming 20:20.764 --> 20:23.764 and people need to connect to farmers as people". 20:23.764 --> 20:26.531 Darrin and Jenny say these rolling Tennessee hills are the 20:26.531 --> 20:29.698 perfect spot for them to realize their dream. 20:29.698 --> 20:32.531 Farming for themselves and others. 20:32.531 --> 20:37.631 Most of our customers are truly wonderful and it's very 20:37.631 --> 20:40.098 enjoyable to get feedback on a product, 20:40.098 --> 20:42.731 you know that's the best tenderloin I've ever tasted 20:42.731 --> 20:46.131 or wow, I never knew chicken could be this good. 20:46.131 --> 20:53.164 so that, in and of itself is very rewarding" 20:53.164 --> 20:57.231 Research in plant selection and breeding has dramatically 20:57.231 --> 21:00.264 improved crop yields for pasture grasses and grains. 21:00.264 --> 21:03.264 In 1900 American farmers were able to produce 21:03.264 --> 21:06.098 about 40 bushels of corn per acre. 21:06.098 --> 21:09.131 By 2001, that had increased to an average of 21:09.131 --> 21:13.498 150 bushels per acre. 21:13.498 --> 21:17.031 WHETHER WE LIVE IN THE BIG CITY, THE SUBURBS, OR OUT ON THE FARM, 21:17.031 --> 21:20.464 WE ALL SEEM TO SHARE THE SAME PASSION FOR DIGGING IN THE DIRT. 21:20.464 --> 21:23.764 GARDENING IS ONE OF AMERICA'S BIGGEST HOBBIES, AND ALL THOSE 21:23.764 --> 21:27.564 FLOWERS AND POTTED PLANTS MAKE UP A SIX-BILLION DOLLAR SEGMENT 21:27.564 --> 21:29.131 OF THE AG INDUSTRY. 21:29.131 --> 21:32.864 PAT SAYS FOR AMERICAN GROWERS, ONE OF THE BIGGEST CHALLENGES IS 21:32.864 --> 21:35.664 DISCOVERING AND DEVELOPING THE 'NEXT BIG THING' 21:35.664 --> 21:38.198 IN GARDEN PLANTS ... AND THEN BRINGING IT 21:38.198 --> 21:42.031 TO YOUR LOCAL NURSERY. 21:42.031 --> 21:45.264 No matter where your garden grows there's a good chance that 21:45.264 --> 21:47.698 your plant seedlings started here. 21:47.698 --> 21:50.398 Hines Horticulture is one of the nation's largest wholesale 21:50.398 --> 21:53.264 suppliers of flowers and plants. 21:53.264 --> 21:56.131 This nursery in Vacaville California is just one of 21:56.131 --> 22:00.331 13 production facilities that Hines operates 22:00.331 --> 22:01.698 in the United States. 22:01.698 --> 22:05.731 Those nurseries will turn out some 10 million plants a year 22:05.731 --> 22:08.231 THE LITTLE ANNUAL FLOWERS YOU CAN BUY AND PLANT IN YOUR 22:08.231 --> 22:12.998 GARDEN, TO PERENNIALS, TO GRASSES, TREES, SHRUBS, VINES. 22:12.998 --> 22:16.798 WE PRETTY MUCH GROW THE SPECTRUM OF ORNAMENTAL PLANT MATERIAL. 22:16.798 --> 22:19.764 Hines will grow more than 4 thousand varieties of flowers 22:19.764 --> 22:21.564 and plants in this year. 22:21.564 --> 22:24.131 Both outdoors and under glass. 22:24.131 --> 22:26.898 Joe Gray thinks the industry still needs to do more to 22:26.898 --> 22:29.264 de-mystify gardening 22:29.264 --> 22:31.598 MANY PEOPLE I SPEAK TO SAY, OH, I HAVE A BLACK THUMB. 22:31.598 --> 22:32.931 NOBODY HAS A BLACK THUMB. 22:32.931 --> 22:36.731 IT'S ALL ABOUT INFORMATION AND IT'S ALL ABOUT SIMPLIFYING IT 22:36.731 --> 22:41.464 Gray says one way to do that is by coming up with heartier 22:41.464 --> 22:42.931 breeds that are easier for people to grow 22:42.931 --> 22:44.364 Well I think the crops are developing very well 22:44.364 --> 22:45.464 this year Raymond. 22:45.464 --> 22:48.064 Yes, the growth is very good Joe. 22:48.064 --> 22:50.264 Look at all this flower bud coming now..." 22:50.264 --> 22:53.398 Wholesalers like Hines turn to plant breeders like 22:53.398 --> 22:57.498 Raymond Evison to develop those user-friendly flowers. 22:57.498 --> 23:00.331 What the British native has come up with this year is a new 23:00.331 --> 23:03.564 variety of an old favorite, Clematis 23:03.564 --> 23:06.564 IT CAN VERY FROM A PERENNIAL PLANT GROWING IN AN HERBACEOUS 23:06.564 --> 23:10.164 BORDER TO A CLIMBING PLANT OR A TRAILING PLANT. 23:10.164 --> 23:13.398 AND SOME OF THE PLANTS IN THE WILDS SOME OF THE SPECIES WILL 23:13.398 --> 23:16.531 GROW UP TO 30 OR 40 FEET OR SO. 23:16.531 --> 23:19.531 That's a little tall for the average garden. 23:19.531 --> 23:22.864 So Evison developed the first clematis ever bred specifically 23:22.864 --> 23:25.498 for patio containers 23:25.498 --> 23:28.564 SOME WILL JUST DRIFT OVER THE EDGE OF THE CONTAINER. 23:28.564 --> 23:32.664 SO IT GIVES ADDED INTEREST TO THE CLEMATIS. 23:32.664 --> 23:35.364 The clematis, itself, also can be found in a number of 23:35.364 --> 23:39.231 different shades-including this Crystal Fountain Evison 23:39.231 --> 23:42.231 discovered in Japan in 1994. 23:42.231 --> 23:45.998 Experts say container gardening is becoming more popular 23:45.998 --> 23:48.364 ONE OF THE TRENDS IS SMALLER SPACES. 23:48.364 --> 23:51.531 OUR HOUSES ARE GETTING BIGGER, OUR LOTS ARE GETTING SMALLER. 23:51.531 --> 23:54.131 WHAT THAT MEANS IS THAT THE SPACE WE HAVE OUTSIDE OUR BACK 23:54.131 --> 23:57.031 DOOR WE WANT TO WORK REALLY, REALLY HARD. 23:57.031 --> 24:00.198 CONTAINER GARDENING-GO TO A GARDEN CENTER, MIX AND MATCH 24:00.198 --> 24:02.698 YOUR COLORS, FORMS. 24:02.698 --> 24:05.064 MANY GARDEN CENTERS WILL PLANT THEM UP FOR YOU. 24:05.064 --> 24:07.631 IF YOU DON'T WANT TO BRING IT HOME, PLANT IT UP YOURSELF. 24:07.631 --> 24:10.564 While containers may offer a quick garden solution, 24:10.564 --> 24:14.431 the plants to fill those containers take time to develop 24:14.431 --> 24:18.531 SO THE PROCESS COULD TAKE UP TO TEN YEARS SOMETIMES TO EVALUATE, 24:18.531 --> 24:22.164 PROPAGATE, GROW AND INTRODUCE THE PLANT. 24:22.164 --> 24:25.431 The ongoing development makes it easier for home gardeners to 24:25.431 --> 24:30.464 have long-lasting plants that take less work. 24:30.464 --> 24:32.764 BY THE WAY, HINES HORTICULTURE ALONE OFFERS MORE THAN 24:32.764 --> 24:34.731 FOUR-THOUSAND PLANT VARIETIES... 24:34.731 --> 24:37.398 BUT YOU WANT TO BE CAREFUL THAT YOUR PLANTS ARE SUITED TO YOUR 24:37.398 --> 24:38.798 LOCAL CLIMATE. 24:38.798 --> 24:41.698 THE WEB SITES OF BOTH THE U-S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, AND 24:41.698 --> 24:45.598 HINES HORTICULTURE, HAVE DETAILED 'COLD HARDINESS MAPS 24:45.598 --> 24:46.764 FOR PLANTS. 24:46.764 --> 24:49.598 HEED THEIR ADVICE, AND YOUR GARDEN 24:49.598 --> 24:51.298 WILL BE A BLOOMIN' SUCCESS. 24:51.298 --> 24:52.898 WELL THAT'S OUR SHOW FOR TODAY. 24:52.898 --> 24:54.264 WE WANT TO THANK YOU FOR WATCHING. 24:54.264 --> 24:56.031 AND WE HOPE YOU WILL COME ALONG WITH US NEXT TIME, WHEN WE 24:56.031 --> 24:58.464 DISCOVER MORE GREAT FARMS, FAMILIES, AND THEIR FASCINATING 24:58.464 --> 25:00.998 STORIES IN AMERICA'S HEARTLAND. 25:00.998 --> 25:07.798 I'M PAUL RYAN AND WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME. 25:07.798 --> 25:10.331 To learn more about this edition of America's Heartland, or to 25:10.331 --> 25:15.298 give us your feedback, visit americasheartland - dot - org. 25:15.298 --> 25:18.931 To order a copy of this broadcast, visit us online or 25:18.931 --> 25:24.564 call 1-888-814-3923. 25:24.564 --> 25:31.664 The cost is 14.95 plus shipping. 25:31.664 --> 25:37.898 ♪You can see it in the eyes of every woman and man♪ 25:37.898 --> 25:43.931 ♪in America's Heartland living close to the land.♪ 25:43.931 --> 25:49.964 ♪There's a love for the country and a pride in the brand♪ 25:49.964 --> 25:59.531 ♪in America's Heartland living close, close to the land.♪ 25:59.531 --> 26:03.864 "America's Heartland is made possible by... 26:03.864 --> 26:08.364 They make up a small part of our population. 26:08.364 --> 26:11.331 But have a huge impact on our lives. 26:11.331 --> 26:14.731 They take business risks that few others would tolerate 26:14.731 --> 26:16.998 all on our behalf. 26:16.998 --> 26:21.564 They're American farmers who feed, fuel and clothe the world. 26:21.564 --> 26:25.798 Monsanto would like to recognize them for all they do, 26:25.798 --> 26:29.631 for the rest of us, because ultimately our success 26:29.631 --> 26:33.731 and everyone else's depends on theirs 26:33.731 --> 26:36.764 "...and by the American Farm Bureau Federation 26:36.764 --> 26:40.464 the voice of agriculture."